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cowl

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Searchable Lemmata: cucullus (L), cuculla (L), cugele (OE), coule (AN), coule (ME), coule (OScots), cochall (Ir), cochull (SG), cochl (W), cwcwll (W), cugol (Corn), cwll (W), cubal (Ir), cwfl (W), cwffl (W).
Alternate Forms: cole, covel, couel, cubail (Ir), cubhail (SG), cule, cuvel.

    Definitions and Defining Citations:

1(n.) Garment; hood or hooded garment, normally part of a monk's dress or the dress of a sacerdos in a monastery (also used figuratively for the monastic life). The garment usually covers the head and shoulders and is regularly sleeveless.
1. Casula est vestis cucullata, dicta per diminutionem a casa, quod totum hominem tegat quasi minor casa. Inde et cuculla, quasi minor cella. Sic et Graece planetas, dicta quia oris errantibus evagantur. Vnde et stellae planetae, id est vagae, eo quod vago sui errore motuque discurrunt. [DOE ISID. Etym. (19,24,17)]
2. nec imitantur [l. imitentur] saeculares ... per coculas in circumdatione capitis modo pallii laicorum Ecclesiastic/Regula. [DMLBS Conc. (HS 374) 747]
3. cuculla <cugle> [DOE ÆGl (090200 (315.4))]
4. cugol : cuculla [LexP Corn Vocab (Norris) (821 (346))]
5. Cuculle et tonice sint aliquanto solito quas habent modice meliores cuflan & tonican beon oðerhwilen synd gewunede sunt habban æthwigan beteran. [DOE BenRGl (0489 (55.92.15))]
6. et ut hoc vitium peculiare radicitus amputetur dentur ab abbate omnia que sunt necessaria id est cuculla tonica pedules calige bracile cultellus gravium acus mappula tabule ut omnis auferatur necessitatis excusatio & þæt sig þisne leahtor sinderlices grimþionge ofadon beon gesealde þa þe synd nydbehefe þæt is cufle tanecan meon hosan earmslife sex græf nædl myshrægel wexbreda þæt ælc si gefyrsod neþearfnesse beladung. [DOE BenRGl (0494 (55.93.7)) post 960]
7. Fibea luna. Fibola .i. clamidis cuculla [DOE HlGl (Oliphant) (322200 (F321))]
8. Lotum induitur mundis uestimentis, id est interula, cuculla, caligis, calceis, cuiuscumque sit ordinis; <nisi> si uero sacerdos fuerit, circumdatur ei stola super cucullam, si ita ratio dictauerit geðwegen byþ gescrydd mid clænum reafum þæt ys mid hemeþe & culan hosum sceon swa hwylcere swa he si endebyrdnysse <buton> gif he soþlice sacerd byþ si ymbutonseald him stole ofer þa culan gif swa gescead wissaþ. [DOE RegCGl (Kornexl) (050000 (66.1582)) 970/1050]
9. haec cassula : coc[h]all [eDIL Ir. Gl. (121) circa 1450/1500]
10. (v. 2 caputium 2c); candida induitur vestis, que ad similitudinem cuculli ex albissimo panno conficitur Ecclesiastic/Regula. [DMLBS BELETH RDO (110. 114) circa 1164]
11. habere faciatis fratri R., monacho Cisterciensis ordinis ..., v ulnas de russetto ad unam cucullam Accounts. [DMLBS Cl (382 a) 1218]
12. veredus veredarium ducturus culcullam habeat caputio armatam grisio(worn by a groom) [DMLBS NECKAM (Ut. 107b)]
13. La cule ot suz les dras (vars. cuule, kule, couele) Biblical/Hagiographic, Historic. [AND Becket (583) circa 1174]
14. Cuiridh in coic asa ucht an tene a fiadhnuse Finnchua, & ní ro loisc finna na brothairne don cochall. Biblical/Hagiographic. [eDIL Lism. L. (2910-11)]
15. Doe’r oeddwn dan oreuddail / Yn aros gwen, Elen ail,/ A gochel glaw dan gochl glas / Y fedwen, fal ynfydwas Poetic. Used metaphorically to refer to a shade tree. [GPC GDG (372. 141) circa 1350]
16. do chuirsium a shaltair eturru 7 a chubal. [eDIL SG (55.22)]
17. Mae rhental, mi a wrantwn, / Ar led dy gwcwll twll twn [GPC GDG (402, 151, 30-51) circa 1325/1375]
18. Ni wisgais, dileais lid, / na gwiwben gwfl nac abid. [GPC GDG (99, 35, 44-5) circa 1325/1375]
19. Caled er byrred, ni ŵyr barraff, / Calgrwn bacwn bocs cyfled fflaced fflocs, / Cawldrwm hocs llawn crocs, crocer wrth raff, / Colwyd bugail Pedr colereu wystn gledr, / Celwydd fedr, cwffl lledr, llwdn mewn ysgrff. Other, Poetic. [GPC GIG (170. XXXVIII. 10-14) circa 1350]
c.f.: casule, hovel
AF, Co, Ir, L, ME, MdE, OE, OScots, SG, W.
Sex: Male    Ceremonial: No
Body Parts:
1b(n.) Garment; hooded cloak or garment worn by a nun.(circa 1450 ?)
1. Whan any sustir is dede..they schal clothe the body withe stamen, cowle, and mantel. ... Ther lyenge [in the dormitory] schal be in ther stamens ... If any haue desire to lygh in her cowle. Ecclesiastic/Regula. [MED in Aungier Syon Mon. (272, 386) circa 1450]
ME.
Sex: Female    Use: Ecclesiastical    Ceremonial: No
Body Parts: Back, Chest, Entire Body, Shoulder(s), Waist.
1c(n.) Garment; cloak or hooded over-garment, worn by a secular.(circa 1100 - circa 1300)
1. Acus in tan muscérad , caeca claideam & caeca each & caeca brat & caeca cocholl & caeca sging & caeca lúireach & trícha falach & dech mílchoin & deich matail & deich cuirn [eDIL BR2 (84) 1050/1150]
2. Brigit im- fo-cheird a cochall fliuch forna goa greine. Cuiris gilla Brenaind in brat baí um Brenaind forru, & ro-fuit dib. Cuiris aitherrech, & ni rus-congaib.In this passage, Saint Bridgit is described as wearing a wet cowl which she places on the rays of the sun to dry. The monk Brenainn is described as wearing a bratt. [LexP Bethu Brigte (OhAodha) (18,46-48)]
3. He ... made him a couel of þe sayl. Heroic, Poetic, Romance. [MED Havelok ((LdMisc 108) 858) circa 1300]
Ir.
Sex: Male, Female    Ceremonial: No
Body Parts:
1d(n.) Garment; an ecclesiastical garment; associated with a cope.(circa 1450)
1. [92] ... Corcet [Win: coorcet] or coote: Tunica, tunicella ... Coordone [Win: Cooydone]: Nicetrium amteonites ... [93] ... Corporasse or corporalle: Corporale ... [94] ... Coors of sylke, or threde: Textum ... [97] ... Cowle, or coope: Capa. Lexicon. [MED PParv. ((Hrl 221) 92-97) 1440]
2. It remayneth iij frangs, one of white damaske a nother of tawny silke. ... iij cowells ij of them bith of diapur and the one is pleyn clothe. Accounts. [MED Invent.Catherine in SANHS 7 (102) 1450]
ME.
Sex: Male    Use: Ecclesiastical    Ceremonial: Yes
Body Parts: Back, Chest, Neck, Shoulder(s).

    Etymological Evidence:

Definite, From Latin cuculla, from Classical Latin cucullus. Ultimately from Gallic. There is probably a separate development of the forms cufle (OE), kuuele, kuvele, couele, kuuel, couel, etc.
WF:
Etym Cog: kugele (MHG), kofl (MdIce), covele (MDu).
References:

    Archaeological Evidence:

References: Mayo, J. (1984)
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