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caputium

.
Searchable Lemmata: caputium (L), capucinum (L), caputium (L), capus (W).
Alternate Forms: capucium, capitium, capetium, capitum, capuscium, capuscinum, capucinia, caputa, caputio, capucia.

    Definitions and Defining Citations:

1a(n.) Headgear; hood or hooded cloak; hood found on outer garments, such as a cloak, mantle or cope [cf. Mayo, J. (1984)]; hood or cowl worn by various clergy (cf. chaperon); as worn by monks, canons regular, friars; as worn by lawyers and academics; a collar. Cf. MdE capuchon.(ante 800 - circa 1565)
1. caputium : hotÆGl reads 'capitium : hæt,' but Graves suggests 'hood', as opposed to 'hat', is the better translation. [LexP CV (328)]
2. Capitium hood. Gloss. [DOE CorpGl 2 (Hessels) (1306 (3.107))]
3. Capitium foreweard sweora heafod [DOE ClGl 1 (Stryker) (1059 (1082))]
4. Caputiis namque modicis assueti sunt et arctis, trans humeros deorsum cubito tenus protensis, variisque panniculorum generibus plerumque consutis: sub quibus et, palliorum vice, phalanges. [n/a *** unassigned *** (Top Hib. Gerald Wales, III.X)]
5. ministris altaris fiant superpellicea cum caputiis, que caput et colli nuda protegant Ecclesiastic/Regula. (worn by canons regular) [DMLBS Inst. Sempr. (xxxi) circa 1148]
6. dum vidit in ipso habitu [monachali] caputium minoris quantitatis quam ut toti congrueret, ... ait: " ... liquet ... papam minus congrue adunasse cuculle caputium" Biblical/Hagiographic. (worn by monks) [DMLBS A. TEWK. (Add. Thom. 30) 1164]
7. in v fururis de menivieyr ad capuscia Accounts. (worn by monks) [DMLBS Ac. Durh. (161) circa 1300]
8. horas ... canonicas dicturi ... ecclesias ingrediantur non capucia sed almucia vel birreta tenentes in capite(worn by clergy) [DMLBS Reg. Aberd. (II 62b) circa 1366]
9. quod ... canonici ... ecclesie [Glasguensis] ... quantitates pecuniarum infra scriptas ... vicariis seu stallariis hujusmodi persolvant, cum capicio et superpellicio Accounts. (worn by clergy) [DMLBS Reg. Glasg. (346) circa 1420]
10. quod nullus studens vel scolaris utatur pellura de minutis variis seu de puro albo vel de puro griseo neque sindone seu tartarano aut serico in capicio suo nisi ... Other. (concerning academics) [DMLBS StatOx (239) 1432]
11. serviens ad legem ipse existens, roba longa ad instar sacerdotis cum capicio penulato se extendente circa humeros ejus et desuper collobio cum duobus labellulis, qualiter uti solent doctores legum in universitatibus quibusdam, cum ... birreto vestiebatur. sed, justiciarius factus, loco collobii clamide induetur ... et capicium ejus non alia furrura quam menevera penulatur; capicium tamen servientis pellibus agninis semper albis duplicatur Legal. (concerning lawyers) [DMLBS FORTESCUE (LLA 51b) ante 1476]
12. quod ... in dormitorio, claustro, ecclesia et refectorio caputia sic tegant capita singulorum canonicorum ut neque ab aliis videri neque ipsi alios videre possint (Vis. Dorchester) Ecclesiastic/Regula. (worn by canons regular) [DMLBS EHR (IV 312) 1509]
13. singuli collegiorum ... praefecti ... vestiti incedent ... scholastico more ... longioribus togis una cum capitiis vel typetis et pileis quadratis Other. (concerning academics) [DMLBS StatOx (386b) 1565]
c.f.: calamaucus
L.
Sex: Male    Ceremonial: No
Body Parts: Head, Neck.
1b(n.) Accessory; hood or hooded cloak (as above), as worn by a layman or unspecified (by special groups, as part of a livery, etc.); also, a riding-hood or rain-hood.(circa 1134 - ante 1475)
1. [rex] capam conabatur induere; sed invenit introitum caputii, qui gulerun vulgariter Gallice appellatur, nimis arctum Historic. [DMLBS M. PAR. (Maj. II 160b) circa 1134]
2. pro ... sex caputiis de minuto vario, ij caputiis de nigro budgeto Accounts. [DMLBS ExchScot (76b) 1327]
3. Eidem: ad una[m] robam de tot garniament[es] ut sup[ra] p[ro] eod[e]m d[omi]no rege cont[r]a d[i]c[tu]m f[estu]m natal[is] d[omi]ni de lib[er]at’ R[eg]is F[ra]nc’ faciend[am] 7 furrurand[am] 7 capuc[io] cloc’... d[i]c[t]e rob[e] c[ir]cumligand[um] cu[m] rub[ant]’ auri strict[i] xj. uln’ pann[i] mixt’ long’ de ----- Brucell de dono R[eg]is F[r]anc’ iij. q[u]art’ uni[us] uln’ pann[i] sanguin’ ----- in G[r]ano de empt[o] ij. furrur’ ut[er]q[ue] de ciiij xxiiij ventr[es] ----- m[i]n[iver] pur’ de dono Reg[is] Fr [a]nc’ j. cloc’ de Dcxl ventr[es] ----- m[i]n[iver] pur’ j. mantellett’ de ciiijxx ventr[es] ----- m[i]n[iver] pur’ j. capuc[ium] de cx ventr[es] ----- m[i]n[iver] pur’ xxvj. best’ Ermyns ----- ermyns de empt[i]o[n]e iiijor uln’ j. q[u]art’ rubant aur[i] strict[i] ----- rubant aur[i] strict[i] Accounts. transcribed by Mark Chambers, 05/08/2011 [LexP NA [PRO] E 101/393/15 (m. 1, item 2) 1361/1362]
4. de Londoniis multi apprenticii, plures servi, sumptis albis caputiis et rubeis crucibus in parte dextera rubeis quoque gladiorum vaginis in sinistra, invitis magistris et dominis suis, sunt profecti Historic. [DMLBS WALS. (HA II 95) circa 1383]
5. tria caputia vocata colers de serico hernesiat' cum argento ... duos baslardos hernesiatos cum argento Legal. [DMLBS Pat (338 m. 5) 1393]
6. comes Arundellie scistebatur in judicio in rubra toga et capicio de scarleto. et statim dux Lancastrie dixit domino de Nevyll: "tollas sibi zonam et capicium!" Historic. [DMLBS AD. USK (13) circa 1397]
7. statutum de caputiis [OF chaperons] tempore domini R. nuper regis Anglie ... factum [I Ric. II c. 7] Legal. (worn as part of livery) [DMLBS CoramR (596r. 76) 1410]
8. [rex] togam longam cum caputio rotulato ad modum burgensis habuit Other. [DMLBS BLAKMAN Hen. VI (14) ante 1475]
L; Primarily N/A.
Sex: Male, Female    Use: Secular    Status: n/a    Rank: n/a    Ceremonial: No
Body Parts: Head, Neck, Shoulder(s).
1c(n.) Accessory; hood or hooded cloak (as above), specified as worn by women.(ante 709 - ante 1300 ?)
1. cultus gemini sexus hujuscemodi constat ... tunica coccinea sive jacintina, capitium et manicae sericis clavatae [DMLBS ALDH. (VirgP 58b) ante 709]
2. in civitate London' emi faciat duas robas de ... scarletto ... cum caputiis earundem robarum et illas bene furrari faciat bonis bissis vel de bono minuto vario ad opus E. filii regis et sororis sue Legal. [DMLBS Cl (118) 1243]
L.
Sex: Female    Use: n/a    Status: n/a    Rank: n/a    Ceremonial: No
Body Parts: Head, Neck, Shoulder(s).
1d(n.) Headgear; hat (overlap with previous senses).(ante 1100)
1. capitium hæt [DOE ÆGl (033900 (303.15))]
2. Heafodsmæl: capitium Gloss. [DOE AldV 14 (Logeman-Nap) (024100 (241))]
3. capitium hæt [DOE AldV 14 (Logeman-Nap) (519300 (5199))]
4. Capitium heafodsmæl [DOE ClGl 2 (Quinn) (065300 (653))]
L.
Ceremonial: No
Body Parts: Head.
1e(n.) Accessory; hood for a falcon.(ante 1280 - ante 1400)
1. de j sagitta barbata, j caputio falconis ... de redditu Accounts. [DMLBS MinAc (1120/11 r. 17d.) 1341]
L.
Sex: N/A    Use: n/a    Status: n/a    Rank: n/a    Ceremonial: No
Body Parts: Head.

    Etymological Evidence:

Speculative, Derived from cappa, inflected by Classical Latin capitium; also cf. Italian cappuccio. It is unclear whether there was a direct vernacular equivalent to these terms. French capuchon of the same meaning is normally explained as a diminutive or variant of capuche, capuce, a dialectal French term or borrowed from Italian cappuccio. The latter is an augmentative form of cappa (see cap 1) in parallel formation with L. caputium; indeed the latter may be influenced by the vernaculars. The Welsh stands in uncertain relationship to the Latin term.
WF: Borrowed into the British Isles
Etym Cog: caperoun, chaperon, chevesel.
References:
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